Beginning with the successful completion of the global positioning system (GPS) in the mid-1990s, other new technologies for determining the geographical coordinates of moving or fixed objects have been deployed or developed.  This report refers to them collectively as mobile location technologies.

Mobile location technologies are able to locate points, objects or persons on or above the earth’s surface by calculating the distances from one or more (usually at least three) reference points.  These can be satellites orbiting in space, ground radio stations, cell phone towers, wireless LAN access points, or RFID receivers.

Each type of technology has its advantages and limitations, depending on the specific application.  While they are, to some extent, competitive with one another, each technology has applications for which it is especially well suited.  Additional mobile location technologies are being developed, many of them involving a combination of two or more existing positioning technologies.

STUDY BACKGROUND

In a market that is evolving almost day-to-day, this report identifies the latest applications and trends in the market for GPS and other mobile location technologies.  It focuses on the impacts these new technologies will have on the global mobile location market.

Another feature of this report worth noting is its expanded coverage of markets outside the traditional markets of North America, Western Europe, and Japan.  Much of the projected growth in the mobile location technologies market over the next 5 years is expected to take place in China, India, and other “nontraditional” markets, making more detailed analysis of these markets imperative.

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

This report will satisfy the need for an objective, quantitative analysis that addresses existing and emerging mobile location solutions in the context of technological change and an evolving market.  Objectives that are more specific are as follows:

• Identify the key new mobile location technologies and applications, including those expected to be commercialized in the 2011 to 2016  time frame
• Identify and evaluate the impact of economic, business, demographic, technological, legal/regulatory and other factors that will drive the future market for each of these new technologies
• Forecast sales of each technology, (including new products and/or applications) to each major geographical market through 2016
• Analyze the structure and competitive conditions in the global mobile location technology market.

INTENDED AUDIENCE

This report is especially intended for executives, entrepreneurs, investors, venture capitalists and other readers with a need to know where the mobile location market is headed in the next 5 years.  Other readers who should find the report valuable include the military, public safety/homeland security, transportation, and communications agencies whose responsibilities involve mobile location systems.

SCOPE AND FORMAT

This report is an analytical business tool whose primary purpose is to describe and analyze the size and dynamics of the global market for mobile location technologies.  It mainly deals with technologies introduced since the commercialization of GPS about 10 years ago.

Older position-finding technologies such as LORAN are not analyzed in detail.  The report focuses on end-user-oriented applications of these new technologies, and does not address the market for basic infrastructure such as space satellites, ground stations, beacons, and cellular towers.

Major sections of the report cover the following:

• Summary of findings and conclusions
• Overview of the mobile location industry: systems, technologies and users
• New and emerging mobile location technologies and solutions
• Market size and segmentation, 2010
• Market drivers and constraints
• Detailed market projections by application segment and major geographical market, 2011 to 2016
• Industry structure and market shares

REPORT HIGHLIGHTS

• The global market for mobile location technologies reached $22.5 billion in 2010 and is expected to reach $25.1 billion in 2011. It will further grow to $36.3 billion in 2016 for a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.6% between 2011 and 2016.
• The vehicle navigation systems segment accounted for more than 61% of the mobile positioning market ($13.8 billion) in 2010, and is expected to reach $15.4 billion in 2011. The segment will further grow to $22.6 billion in 2016 for a CAGR of 8.0% over the five year period.
• The second-largest mobile positioning market segment in 2010 was surveying and mapping tracking devices, with sales of $2 billion (8.9% of total market). The segment is expected to reach $2.2 billion in 2011 and will further grow to $3.6 billion for a CAGR of 10.0% between 2011 and 2016.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
    STUDY BACKGROUND  1
    STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1
    INTENDED AUDIENCE 2
    SCOPE AND FORMAT  2
    METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES. 3
    ANALYST CREDENTIALS  3
    DISCLAIMER 4

CHAPTER TWO: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
  SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR MOBILE
    LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2016 ($
    MILLIONS)  5
  SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET SHARE PROJECTIONS FOR
    MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES BY APPLICATION, 2010-
    2016 (%)  6
     EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (CONTINUED)  7

CHAPTER THREE: OVERVIEW 
     GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE LOCATION
       TECHNOLOGIES 8
          SYSTEM COMPONENTS 8
          INFRASTRUCTURE COMPONENT  9
          CONTROL COMPONENT. 9
          END-USER COMPONENT 9
     HISTORY  9
          HISTORY (CONTINUED) 10
     MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES  11
  TABLE 1 MAJOR MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGY TYPES 11
          SATELLITE-ONLY LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES  12
  TABLE 2 SATELLITE-BASED POSITIONING SYSTEM COMPARISON 12
          GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) 12
                 Global Positioning System (Continued) 13
          GLONASS 14
          GALILEO  14
          HYBRID/AUGMENTED SATELLITE TECHNOLOGIES. 15
  TABLE 3 HYBRID/AUGMENTED SATELLITE LOCATION-FINDING
    TECHNOLOGIES  15
  TABLE 3 (CONTINUED). 16
          DIFFERENTIAL GPS (DGPS)  17
          WIDE AREA AUGMENTATION SYSTEM (WAAS)  17
          LOCAL AREA AUGMENTATION SYSTEM (LAAS). 18
          NATIONWIDE DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING
              SYSTEM (NDGPS) 19
          HIGH ACCURACY-NATIONWIDE DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL
              POSITIONING SYSTEM (HA-NDGPS)  20
          CONTINUOUSLY OPERATING REFERENCE STATIONS
              (CORS) 21
          ONLINE POSITIONING USER SERVICE (OPUS). 22
          GPS/INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM (GPS/INS)  22
          GPS/PSEUDOLITES (GPS/PL) 23
          WIRELESS-ASSISTED GPS (WA-GPS) 23
          NETWORK-BASED LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES 24
TABLE 4 NETWORK-BASED MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES  24
                    Cell-ID (CID)  25
                    Angle of Arrival (AOA)  25
                    Location Pattern Matching (LPM)  25
                    Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) 26
                    SIM Application Toolkit (SAT) 26
                    Radio Frequency (RF) Indoor Positioning Systems 26
                              WLAN Indoor Positioning Systems 26
                              Other Radio Frequency Indoor Location Systems 27
    APPLICATION SEGMENTS 28
TABLE 5 MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS 28
          AVIATION  28
                    Requirements and Challenges  29
                              Accuracy  29
TABLE 6 FAA TRANSITION STRATEGY NAVIGATION
   PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS (REQUIRED ACCURACY IN
   95% OF ALL OPERATIONS)  30
                              Airworthiness  30
                    Solutions and Technologies 31
TABLE 7 AVIATION-RELATED MOBILE LOCATION SOLUTIONS  32
                    Solution Providers 32
TABLE 8 AVIATION-RELATED POSITIONING SOLUTION
   PROVIDERS  32
FIGURE 1 COMPANY SHARES OF GLOBAL AVIATION GPS MARKET,
   2010 (%)  33
          VEHICLE NAVIGATION AND LOCATION  34
                    Requirements and Challenges  34
                              Accuracy  34
                              Low Cost  34
                              Terrain and Building Obstructions  35
                              Usability  35
                    Solutions and Technologies 35
                              Integrated GPS and INS  35
             Solution Providers 35
TABLE 9 VEHICLE NAVIGATION SOLUTION PROVIDERS  36
FIGURE 2 COMPANY SHARES OF GLOBAL VEHICLE NAVIGATION
   SYSTEMS MARKET, 2010 (%) 36
FIGURE 2 (CONTINNUED)  37
        MACHINE CONTROL 37
             Requirements and Challenges  37
             Technologies and Solutions 38
                    GPS Base Stations for Maximum Accuracy. 38
                    Combined GPS/Laser Guidance 38
             Solution Providers 38
TABLE 10 MACHINE-CONTROLLED SOLUTION PROVIDERS  38
FIGURE 3 COMPANY SHARES OF MACHINE-CONTROLLED GPS
   MARKET, 2010 (%)  39
FIGURE 3 (CONTINUED)  40
        MARINE 40
             Requirements and Challenges  40
             Technologies and Solutions 40
             Solution Providers 40
TABLE 11 MARINE GPS SOLUTION PROVIDERS  41
FIGURE 4 COMPANY MARKET SHARES OF GLOBAL MARINE GPS
   NAVIGATION MARKET, 2010 (%) 42
        MILITARY  42
             Requirements and Challenges  43
                    Flexible Targeting 44
                    Spoofing and Jamming 44
                    Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)  44
             Technologies and Solutions 45
                    Flexible Targeting Systems  45
                    Antispoofing/Antijamming Technology  45
                    New Handheld GPS Receiver 46
             Solution Providers 46
TABLE 12 MILITARY SOLUTION PROVIDERS 46
        PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING 46
             Location-Based Commerce  47
             Requirements and Challenges  47
                    Coverage Area 48
                    Compliance  48
                    Privacy Issues 48
             Technologies and Solutions 49
                    Continuous Coverage  49
                    Small Size  50
                    Features Designed to Encourage Compliance and
                          Discourage Abuse  50
                       Passive Tracking Capability. 51
                       Geofencing 51
                       Web Functionality. 51
                       Technologies to Protect Users' Privacy Rights  51
             Solution Providers 52
TABLE 13 PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING SOLUTION
   PROVIDERS  52
FIGURE 5 COMPANY MARKET SHARES OF GLOBAL NON-MOBILE
   PHONE-BASED PERSONNEL AND ANIMAL TRACKING DEVICE
   MARKET, 2010 (%)  53
        RECREATION  54
             Requirements and Challenges  54
             Technologies and Solutions 54
             Solution Providers 55
TABLE 14 RECREATIONAL GPS SOLUTION PROVIDERS 55
FIGURE 6 COMPANY MARKET SHARES OF GLOBAL
   RECREATIONAL GPS DEVICE MARKET, 2010 (%) 56
        SURVEYING/MAPPING 56
             Requirements and Challenges  56
             Technologies and Solutions 57
                       Ergonomics  57
                       Operations in Forested and Urban Areas  58
                       Mobile Mapping Software 58
                       Other Developments 58
             Solution Providers 58
TABLE 15 MAPPING AND SURVEYING SOLUTION PROVIDERS 59
FIGURE 7 COMPANY SHARES OF GLOBAL MAPPING AND
   SURVEYING GPS DEVICE MARKET, 2010 (%)  59
FIGURE 7 (CONTINUED) 60
        ASSET MANAGEMENT 60
             Requirements and Challenges  61
             Technologies and Solutions 61
                       Multiple Functions 61
                       Assisted GPS 62
                       Satellite Communications Uplink  62
                       Advanced Batteries 62
             Solution Providers 62
TABLE 16 ASSET MANAGEMENT SOLUTION PROVIDERS 62
TABLE 16 (CONTINUED) 63
FIGURE 8 COMPANY SHARES OF THE GLOBAL GPS-BASED ASSET
   MANAGEMENT MARKET, 2010 (%) 64
   PATENT ANALYSIS  64
        INFRASTRUCTURE AND CONTROL VERSUS END-USER
           APPLICATIONS 65
   FIGURE 9 U.S. PATENTS FOR MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES
      ISSUED SINCE 1976 (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL PATENTS)  65
            TREND IN ANNUAL NUMBER OF PATENTS ISSUED 66
   FIGURE 10 U.S. PATENTS ISSUED ANNUALLY FOR MOBILE
      POSITIONING END-USER TECHNOLOGIES, 2000­2010 (NO. OF
      PATENTS) 66
            PATENTS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE. 66
   FIGURE 11 U.S. PATENTS ISSUED SINCE 1976 FOR MOBILE
      LOCATION END-USER TECHNOLOGIES BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE
      (% OF TOTAL PATENTS) 67
            PATENTS BY APPLICATION AREA 68
   FIGURE 12 U.S. PATENTS ISSUED SINCE 1976 FOR MOBILE
      LOCATION END-USER SOLUTIONS BY APPLICATION TYPE (%
      OF TOTAL PATENTS)  68
            MAJOR PATENT HOLDERS  68
   FIGURE 13 MAJOR PATENT HOLDERS/ASSIGNEES' SHARES OF
      TOTAL U.S. POSITIONING PATENTS ISSUED, SINCE 1976 (% OF
      TOTAL PATENTS)  69

CHAPTER FOUR: GLOBAL MARKETS FOR MOBILE LOCATION APPLICATIONS
     SUMMARY  70
          TOTAL SALES OF MOBILE POSITIONING SYSTEMS  70
  TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR MOBILE
     LOCATION TECHNOLOGY BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2016 ($
     MILLIONS)  70
  FIGURE 14 PROJECTED GLOBAL MARKET TRENDS IN MOBILE-
     LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES, 2010-2016 ($ MILLIONS)  71
                 Sales of Mobile Location Technologies by Application
                      Segment  71
  FIGURE 15 GLOBAL MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGY MARKET
     SHARES BY APPLICATION, 2010 VS. 2016 (%)  72
  FIGURE 15 (CONTINUED)  73
                 Sales by Form of Product Purchased  73
  FIGURE 16 GLOBAL MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES MARKET
     SHARES BY DISCRETE COMPONENT AND COMPLETE
     SOLUTION, 2010 (%)  74
                 Sales by Region  74
  TABLE 18 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR MOBILE
     LOCATION TECHNOLOGY BY GEOGRAPHICAL MARKET,
     THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 75
  FIGURE 17 GLOBAL MARKET SHARES OF MOBILE LOCATION
     TECHNOLOGIES BY REGION, 2010 VS. 2016 (%) 75
  FIGURE 17 CONTINUED). 76
          AVIATION (EXCLUDING MILITARY AIRCRAFT)  77
FIGURE 18 GLOBAL MARKET SHARES OF GENERAL VS
   COMMERCIAL CIVIL AVIATION GPS DEVICES, 2010 ($
   MILLIONS/%) 77
FIGURE 19 GLOBAL MARKET FOR OEM VS RETROFIT CIVIL
   AVIATION GPS DEVICES, 2010 ($ MILLIONS) 78
         MARKET DRIVERS 79
              General Aviation 79
                        General Aviation Aircraft Shipments  79
TABLE 19 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF GENERAL AVIATION
   AIRCRAFT, 1996­2006 (UNITS)  79
FIGURE 20 TRENDS IN GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF GENERAL
   AVIATION AIRCRAFT, 2001­2010 (UNITS) 80
FIGURE 21 PROJECTED GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF GENERAL
   AVIATION AIRCRAFT, 2010-2016 (UNITS)  81
                        General Aviation GPS Retrofits 81
FIGURE 22 PROJECTED SIZE OF GLOBAL GENERAL AVIATION
   AIRCRAFT FLEET, 2010 2016 (UNITS AT YEAR-END)  82
TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR GENERAL
   AVIATION FLEET GPS RETROFITS, THROUGH 2016 (UNITS) 83
FIGURE 23 PROJECTED TRENDS IN GLOBAL GENERAL AVIATION
   FLEET GPS RETROFITS, 2011-2016 (UNITS)  83
              Commercial Air Transport  83
                        Commercial Aircraft Shipments. 83
TABLE 21 PROJECTED GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF COMMERCIAL
   AIRCRAFT, 2011-2016 (UNITS) 84
FIGURE 24 PROJECTED TRENDS IN GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF
   COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT, 2010-2016 (UNITS) 84
                        Commercial Avionics Retrofits 84
              Projected Sales 85
TABLE 22 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS OF OEM AND
   RETROFIT GPS DEVICES FOR COMMERCIAL AND GENERAL
   CIVIL AVIATION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 85
         VEHICLE NAVIGATION AND LOCATION  86
FIGURE 25 GLOBAL MARKET SHARES OF IN-DASHBOARD VS
   PORTABLE GPS VEHICLE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS, 2010 (%) 86
              Market Drivers  87
                        New Vehicle Sales 87
TABLE 23 GLOBAL SALES OF NEW PASSENGER CARS, THROUGH
   2016 (MILLION UNITS) 87
                        Market Penetration of In-Dashboard Navigation
                              Systems  87
TABLE 24 GLOBAL PENETRATION OF IN-DASH GPS NAVIGATION
   SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 (UNITS PER THOUSAND PASSENGER
   CARS SOLD)  88
                             Sales of Portable Vehicle Navigation Systems  88
TABLE 25 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR STAND-ALONE
   VEHICLE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 (MILLION
   UNITS) 88
                             Growing Use of Mobile Phones for Vehicle
                                   Navigation 88
                             Price Trends  89
FIGURE 26 PROJECTED AVERAGE PRICE TRENDS FOR IN-
   DASHBOARD VS STAND-ALONE GPS NAVIGATION SYSTEMS,
   THROUGH 2016 ($/UNIT) 89
                   Projected Sales 90
TABLE 26 SUMMARY OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR GPS VEHICLE
   NAVIGATION SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 90
        PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING 90
FIGURE 27 GLOBAL MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED
   PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING DEVICES MARKET SHARES
   BY TYPE, 2010 (%)  91
FIGURE 28 GLOBAL MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED
   NON-MOBILE PHONE PERSONNEL AND ANIMAL TRACKING
   MARKET SHARES, 2010 (%) 92
                   Market Drivers  93
                             Mobile Handset Shipments  93
                             Mobile Location Enabled Handset Market
                                   Penetration  93
                             Cost of Mobile Phone GPS Chipsets. 93
TABLE 27 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTION OF AVERAGE COST OF
   MOBILE PHONE GPS CHIPSETS, THROUGH 2016 ($ PER UNIT) 93
                             People/Animals with Tracking Requirements 93
                   Projected Sales 94
TABLE 28 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR MOBILE
   LOCATION TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED PEOPLE AND ANIMAL
   TRACKING DEVICE BY REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 95
        MACHINE CONTROL 95
FIGURE 29 GLOBAL MARKET SHARES OF GPS MACHINE
   CONTROL SYSTEMS BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2010 (%)  96
                   Market Drivers  96
                             Earthmoving Equipment Sales  97
FIGURE 30 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF EARTHMOVING EQUIPMENT,
   PROJECTED 2010-2016 (UNITS) 97
                             Growing Penetration of the Earthmoving
                                   Equipment Market  98
                             Growth of Other Markets for GPS Machine Control
                                   Systems  98
                   Projected Sales 98
TABLE 29 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR GPS MACHINE
   CONTROL SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 98
          MARINE 99
FIGURE 31 COMMERCIAL VS RECREATIONAL GPS MARINE
   NAVIGATION SYSTEM MARKET SHARES, 2010 (%) 99
                 Market Drivers  100
                           Shipments of New Vessels  100
                                      Commercial Vessels  100
TABLE 30 WORLDWIDE COMMERCIAL SHIPBUILDING, THROUGH
   2009 (NUMBER OF SHIPS COMPLETED). 100
FIGURE 32 WORLDWIDE COMMERCIAL SHIPBUILDING TRENDS,
   2000­2009 (NUMBER OF SHIPS COMPLETED) 101
                                      Recreational Vessels 101
TABLE 31 U.S. POWERED RECREATIONAL BOATS: NUMBER OF
   BOATS COMPLETED, THROUGH 2010 (THOUSANDS) 102
FIGURE 33 TRENDS IN U.S. POWERED RECREATIONAL BOAT
   SALES, 2000­2010 (NO. OF BOATS SOLD) 102
                           Retrofits 103
                 Projected Sales 103
TABLE 32 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTION FOR MARINE GPS
   MARINE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 103
          MILITARY  103
TABLE 33 GLOBAL MILITARY EXPENDITURES ON MOBILE
   LOCATION DEVICES, THROUGH 2010 ($ MILLIONS) 104
FIGURE 34 HISTORICAL TRENDS IN MILITARY EXPENDITURES
   ON MOBILE LOCATION DEVICES, 1998­2010 ($ MILLIONS) 104
                 Market Drivers  104
                           U.S. Military Procurement Budgets. 104
FIGURE 35 PROJECTED U.S. MILITARY PROCUREMENT BUDGET
   TRENDS, 2010-2016 ($ BILLIONS)  105
                 Projected Market 106
TABLE 34 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTION FOR MILITARY GPS
   RECEIVERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 106
          RECREATION  106
                 Market Drivers  106
                           Number of People Participating in Outdoor
                                 Recreation Activities 106
FIGURE 36 TRENDS IN U.S. OUTDOOR RECREATION
   PARTICIPATION: TOTAL AND ENTHUSIAST, 2000­2010 (MILLION
   PEOPLE)  107
                           Recreational GPS Market Penetration  107
                 Projected Sales 108
TABLE 35 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTION FOR RECREATIONAL
   GPS RECEIVERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  108
           SURVEYING/MAPPING 108
                  Market Drivers  108
                            User Base  109
                            Market Saturation  109
                  Projected Sales 109
   TABLE 36 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTION FOR SURVEYING AND
      MAPPING GPS RECEIVERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 110
           ASSET MANAGEMENT 110
   FIGURE 37 GLOBAL MARKET SHARES OF MOBILE ASSET
      MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2010 (%)  110
   FIGURE 37 (CONTINUED) 111
                  Market Drivers  111
                            Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) Systems  111
                            Unpowered Mobile Asset Management Devices  112
                  Projected Sales 112
   TABLE 37 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR GPS ASSET
      TRACKING DEVICES BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2016 ($
      MILLIONS)  113

CHAPTER FIVE: U.S. AND CANADIAN MARKETS 
      SUMMARY  114
  TABLE 38 U.S./CANADIAN MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
     TECHNOLOGY BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 114
  TABLE 39 U.S./CANADIAN MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
     TECHNOLOGY BY COUNTRY, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  115
      AVIATION 115
  TABLE 40 U.S. AND CANADIAN MARKETS FOR CIVIL AVIATION
     GPS DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 115
  FIGURE 38 U.S. AND CANADIAN PRODUCTION OF NON-MILITARY
     AIRCRAFT, 2010 (%) 116
  TABLE 41 U.S. AND CANADIAN MARKETS FOR CIVIL AVIATION
     GPS DEVICES THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  117
  FIGURE 39 U.S. AND CANADIAN NON-MILITARY AIRCRAFT
     FLEETS, 2010 (%) 117
  FIGURE 39 (CONTINUED) 118
  TABLE 42 US AND CANADIAN RETROFIT MARKETS FOR CIVIL
     AVIATION GPS DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 119
      MOTOR VEHICLES 119
  TABLE 43 U.S. AND CANADIAN MARKETS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
     NAVIGATION DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  119
  TABLE 44 U.S. AND CANADIAN AUTOMOBILE PRODUCTION, 2010­
     2016 (%)  120
  TABLE 45 U.S. AND CANADIAN MARKET, THROUGH 2016 ($
     MILLIONS)  120
  TABLE 45 (CONTINUED) 121
      PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING  121
   TABLE 46 U.S./CANADIAN MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
     TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING
     DEVICE BY REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  122
      MACHINE CONTROL 122
   TABLE 47 U.S./CANADIAN EXPENDITURES ON GPS MACHINE
     CONTROL SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 123
      MARINE  123
   TABLE 48 U.S. AND CANADIAN MARKETS FOR MARINE GPS
     DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 124
      MILITARY 124
   TABLE 49 U.S./CANADIAN EXPENDITURES ON MILITARY
     APPLICATIONS OF MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGY,
     THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 125
      RECREATION  125
   TABLE 50 U.S./CANADIAN EXPENDITURES ON RECREATIONAL
     GPS RECEIVERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  125
      SURVEYING AND MAPPING 125
   TABLE 51 U.S./CANADIAN EXPENDITURES ON GPS SURVEYING
     AND MAPPING EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 126
      ASSET MANAGEMENT  126
   TABLE 52 U.S./CANADIAN PROJECTIONS FOR GPS ASSET
     TRACKING DEVICES BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2016 ($
     MILLIONS)  126

CHAPTER SIX: EUROPEAN MARKETS
      SUMMARY  127
  TABLE 53 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
     TECHNOLOGIES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2016 ($
     MILLIONS)  127
  TABLE 54 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
     TECHNOLOGIES BY COUNTRY, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  128
      AVIATION SEGMENT 128
  TABLE 55 EUROPEAN MARKETS FOR CIVIL AVIATION GPS
     DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 128
  FIGURE 40 EUROPEAN CIVIL AVIATION GPS MARKET COUNTRY
     SHARES, 2010 VS. 2016 (%)  129
  FIGURE 41 EUROPEAN PRODUCTION OF NON-MILITARY
     AIRCRAFT, 2010 (%) 130
  TABLE 56 EUROPEAN OEM MARKETS FOR CIVIL AVIATION GPS
     DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 131
  FIGURE 42 EUROPEAN NON-MILITARY AIRCRAFT FLEETS, 2010
     (%) 132
  TABLE 57 EUROPEAN RETROFIT MARKETS FOR CIVIL AVIATION
     GPS DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 133
       MOTOR VEHICLES 133
   TABLE 58 EUROPEAN MARKETS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
      NAVIGATION DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  134
   FIGURE 43 EUROPEAN MARKETS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
      NAVIGATION DEVICES, COUNTRY SHARES, 2010-2016 (%)  134
   FIGURE 43 (CONTINUED) 135
   TABLE 59 EUROPEAN AUTOMOBILE PRODUCTION, 2010­2016
      (MILLION UNITS/% OF TOTAL GLOBAL PRODUCTION)  135
   TABLE 60 EUROPEAN SHARES OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR
      PORTABLE GPS VEHICLE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS, 2010 (%) 136
   TABLE 61 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR GPS VEHICLE NAVIGATION
      SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 136
   TABLE 61 (CONTINUED) 137
       PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING  137
   TABLE 62 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
      TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING
      DEVICE BY REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  138
       MACHINE CONTROL 139
   FIGURE 44 (%) EUROPEAN MARKET FOR CONSTRUCTION
      EQUIPMENT, 2010 (% OF TOTAL GLOBAL EXPENDITURES) 139
   TABLE 63 EUROPEAN EXPENDITURES ON GPS MACHINE
      CONTROL, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 140
       MARINE  140
   TABLE 64 EUROPEAN MARKETS FOR MARINE GPS DEVICES,
      THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 141
       MILITARY 141
   TABLE 65 EUROPEAN EXPENDITURES ON MILITARY
      APPLICATIONS OF MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGY,
      THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 142
       RECREATION  142
   FIGURE 45 EUROPEAN EXPENDITURES ON SPORTS AND
      RECREATION EQUIPMENT, 2010 (% OF TOTAL GLOBAL
      EXPENDITURES) 143
   TABLE 66 EUROPEAN EXPENDITURES ON RECREATIONAL GPS
      RECEIVERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 144
       SURVEYING AND MAPPING 144
   TABLE 67 EUROPEAN EXPENDITURES ON GPS SURVEYING AND
      MAPPING EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  144
       ASSET MANAGEMENT  145
   TABLE 68 EUROPEAN EXPENDITURES ON GPS ASSET
      MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 145

CHAPTER SEVEN: ASIA-PACIFIC MARKETS
    SUMMARY  146
TABLE 69 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
   TECHNOLOGIES BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2016 ($
   MILLIONS)  146
TABLE 70 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
   TECHNOLOGIES BY COUNTRY, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  147
    AVIATION SEGMENT 147
TABLE 71 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKETS FOR CIVIL AVIATION GPS
   DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 147
FIGURE 46 ASIA-PACIFIC CIVIL AVIATION GPS MARKET COUNTRY
   SHARES, 2010 VS. 2016 (%)  148
FIGURE 47 ASIA-PACIFIC NON-MILITARY AIRCRAFT FLEETS, 2010
   (%) 149
FIGURE 47 (CONTINUED) 150
TABLE 72 ASIA-PACIFIC RETROFIT MARKETS FOR CIVIL
   AVIATION GPS DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 150
TABLE 72 (CONTINUED) 151
    MOTOR VEHICLES 151
TABLE 73 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKETS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
   NAVIGATION DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  151
FIGURE 48 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKETS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
   NAVIGATION DEVICES, COUNTRY SHARES, 2010-2016 (%)  152
TABLE 74 ASIA-PACIFIC AUTOMOBILE PRODUCTION, 2010­2016
   (MILLION UNITS/% OF TOTAL GLOBAL PRODUCTION)  153
TABLE 75 ASIA PACIFIC SHARES OF GLOBAL MARKET FOR
   PORTABLE GPS VEHICLE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS, 2010 (%) 154
TABLE 76 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR GPS VEHICLE NAVIGATION
   SYSTEMS  154
TABLE 76 (CONTINUED) 155
    PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING  155
TABLE 77 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
   TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING
   DEVICE BY REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  156
    MACHINE CONTROL 157
FIGURE 49 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR CONSTRUCTION
   EQUIPMENT, 2010 (% OF TOTAL GLOBAL EXPENDITURES) 157
TABLE 78 ASIA-PACIFIC EXPENDITURES ON GPS MACHINE
   CONTROL, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 158
    MARINE  158
TABLE 79 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKETS FOR MARINE GPS DEVICES,
   THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 158
TABLE 79 (CONTINUED) 159
    MILITARY 159
   TABLE 80 ASIA-PACIFIC COUNTRIES' EXPENDITURES ON
      MILITARY APPLICATIONS OF MOBILE LOCATION
      TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  160
      RECREATION  160
   FIGURE 50 ASIA-PACIFIC EXPENDITURES ON SPORTS AND
      RECREATION EQUIPMENT, 2010 (% OF TOTAL GLOBAL
      EXPENDITURES) 160
   FIGURE 50 (CONTINUED) 161
   TABLE 81 ASIA-PACIFIC EXPENDITURES ON RECREATIONAL GPS
      RECEIVERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 161
      SURVEYING AND MAPPING 161
   TABLE 82 ASIA-PACIFIC EXPENDITURES ON GPS SURVEYING AND
      MAPPING EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  162
      ASSET MANAGEMENT  162
   TABLE 83 ASIA-PACIFIC EXPENDITURES ON GPS ASSET
      MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 162

CHAPTER EIGHT: EMERGING MARKETS
     SUMMARY  163
  TABLE 84 EMERGING MARKETS FOR MOBILE LOCATION
    TECHNOLOGY BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  163
     AVIATION SEGMENT 163
  TABLE 85 OTHER MARKETS FOR CIVIL AVIATION GPS DEVICES,
    THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 164
     MOTOR VEHICLES 164
  TABLE 86 EMERGING MARKETS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
    NAVIGATION DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  164
     PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING  165
  TABLE 87 OTHER COUNTRIES MARKET FOR MOBILE LOCATION
    TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED PEOPLE AND ANIMAL TRACKING
    DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)  165
     MACHINE CONTROL 165
  TABLE 88 OTHER COUNTRIES' EXPENDITURES ON GPS MACHINE
    CONTROLS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 165
     MARINE  166
  TABLE 89 OTHER COUNTRY MARKETS FOR MARINE GPS
    DEVICES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 166
     MILITARY 166
  TABLE 90 OTHER COUNTRIES' EXPENDITURES ON MILITARY
    APPLICATIONS OF MOBILE LOCATION TECHNOLOGY,
    THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS). 166
     RECREATION  167
  TABLE 91 OTHER COUNTRIES' EXPENDITURES ON
    RECREATIONAL GPS RECEIVERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 167
     SURVEYING AND MAPPING 167
   TABLE 92 OTHER COUNTRIES' EXPENDITURES ON GPS
     SURVEYING AND MAPPING EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2016 ($
     MILLIONS)  167
      ASSET MANAGEMENT  167
   TABLE 93 OTHER COUNTRIES' EXPENDITURES ON GPS ASSET
     MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 168

CHAPTER NINE: COMPANY PROFILES
      AISIN SEIKI CO., LTD. 169
      ALLEN OSBORNE ASSOCIATES, INC.  169
      AXONN, LLC  169
      BENEFON OYJ  170
      CELL-LOC LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC.  170
      CMT, INC. 170
      COBRA ELECTRONICS CORP.  171
      COMPASSCOM SOFTWARE CORP.  171
      DELORME PUBLISHING CO.  171
      DENSO CORP.  172
      DIGITAL ANGEL CORP. 172
      EKAHAU, INC. 173
      ESRI. 173
      FEI-ZYFER, INC. 173
      FREEFLIGHT SYSTEMS, INC.  174
      GARMIN, LTD. 174
      FIGURE 51 GARMIN, LTD. GPS SALES BY TYPE OF APPLICATION,
      2010 (%)  175
      GPS TRACKS  175
      GUARDIAN MOBILITY CORP 176
      HEMISPHERE GPS 176
      HONEYWELL AEROSPACE 176
      ISECURETRAC  177
      ITRAK CORP. 177
      L-3 INTERSTATE ELECTRONICS CORP.  178
      LEICA GEOSYSTEMS AG 178
      LINKSPOINT  178
      LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP. 179
      MAGELLAN NAVIGATION, INC.  179
      NAVCOM TECHNOLOGY, INC. 179
      NAVICO, INC 180
      NAVMAN, LTD.  180
      NOVATEL, INC. 181
      PANASONIC CORP. OF NORTH AMERICA 181
      PRO TECH  181
      RAYMARINE, PLC 182
      RAYTHEON CO. 182
      ROCKWELL COLLINS, INC.  183
      SIRF TECHNOLOGY, INC./CSR 183
      SOKKIA CO., LTD. 184
      SPERRY MARINE  184
      SUUNTO OY 184
      TELEMETRY SOLUTIONS 185
      TIMEX CORP. 185
      TOMTOM NV  185
      TOPCON POSITIONING SYSTEMS, INC 185
      TRIMBLE NAVIGATION, LTD.  186
      FIGURE 52 TRIMBLE NAVIGATION SALES BY APPLICATION, 2010
      (%) 186
      TRIPOD DATA SYSTEMS 187
      TRUE POSITION 187
      VECTRONIC AEROSPACE GMBH  187
      WHERE, INC. 188
      ZEBRA TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 188
      XANAVI INFORMATICS CO., LTD. 188
      XATA CORP. 189