Superconductivity is a unique and powerful tool in scientific research that has led to important strides in healthcare such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Other superconducting technologies on the cusp of commercialization will increase the efficiency with which electricity is produced and used, which will indirectly benefit the environment. In the future, superconducting technologies may be used to predict earthquakes, map the magnetic fields produced by the brain, and produce ultra-high performance computers. These are only a few examples of the wide range of superconductivity technologies and applications analyzed in this report.
 
The overall goal of this report is to provide an up-to-date understanding of the developing market for superconducting applications, materials, and other enabling technologies. Specific objectives include:

- Identifying superconducting applications with the greatest commercial potential in the near to midterm (2009 to 2015) 
- Analyzing the key drivers and constraints that will shape the market for these superconducting applications as the basis for projecting demand over the next 5 years 
- Estimating current and future consumption of superconducting materials and other key enabling technologies 
- Identifying the companies that are best positioned to meet this demand because of their proprietary technologies, strategic alliances, or other advantages.

INTENDED AUDIENCE
 
This report is intended for marketing executives, entrepreneurs, investors, venture capitalists, and other readers with a need to know where the superconductivity field is headed over the next 5 to 10 years. Other readers who should find the report particularly valuable include government officials associated with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and other national and state-level programs charged with advancing the development of the nanotechnology industry.
 
Although the report addresses specific superconductivity technologies and materials, it is generally non-technical in nature and coverage. Thus, it is less concerned with theory and jargon than with identifying the developments that work, assessing the amount of technologies the market is likely to purchase, and projecting the price of such technologies. Although the report is not written specifically for scientists and technologists, many of these professionals will be interested in its findings concerning the market for their work, including the availability of government and corporate research funding for different technologies and applications. 
 
 
The report addresses trends in superconductivity technology and the global market for superconductivity applications during the period from 2009 through 2015, including:

Science, research, and technology development
Healthcare
Electric utilities
Computing
Transportation
Communications
Military/defense
Other applications
The study format includes the following major elements:
Executive summary
Overview (i.e., definitions, brief history, superconductivity characteristics, market summary)
Developments in superconducting technology that are expected to influence the market through 2015
Detailed market estimates and projections for each technology, application, and end use during the period from 2009 to 2015
General assessment of expected technological and market trends in the longer term
Description of key players in the emerging superconductivity industry

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
    STUDY BACKGROUND 
    STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
    INTENDED AUDIENCE
    SCOPE OF REPORT 
    INFORMATION SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY
    ANALYST CREDENTIALS 
    DISCLAIMER

CHAPTER TWO: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
  SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
    TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 5
  SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
    TECHNOLOGIES, 2009-2015 ($ MILLIONS)  6

CHAPTER THREE: SUPERCONDUCTIVITY OVERVIEW
     GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 7
           PROPERTIES OF SUPERCONDUCTORS  7
                Conductivity 7
                Magnetic Properties  7
                Tunneling 8
           MECHANISMS OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 8
           BRIEF HISTORY OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY  9
           ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF
             SUPERCONDUCTORS  12
                Advantages of Superconductors  12
                Advantages of Type II versus Type I Superconductors 13
                Limitations of Superconductors  13
     SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS 14
           TYPE I SUPERCONDUCTORS  14
           TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS 14
           ATYPICAL SUPERCONDUCTORS 15
     APPLICATIONS AND END USES  16
  TABLE 1 MAJOR END USES AND APLICATIONS OF
    SUPERCONDUCTIIVTY  16
           APPLICATIONS 17
                Superconducting Magnets 17
                Superconducting Transformers. 18
                Superconducting Electric Generators 19
                Superconducting Electric Motors  19
               FCLs 20
               Superconducting Power Storage Systems  21
                         Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES). 21
                         Superconducting Flywheel Energy Storage (SFES)  22
               Current Leads  22
               Superconducting Wires 23
               Superconducting Integrated Circuits 24
TABLE 2 POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF SUPERCONDUCTOR ICS 24
               Superconducting RF and Microwave Filters  27
               Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices
                    (SQUIDs)  28
        END USES 28
               Science, Research, and Technology Development  28
               Healthcare 29
               Electric Utilities. 30
                         Generation 30
                         Storage. 31
                         Transmission 32
               Computing 33
               Transportation 35
                         MagLev Trains  35
                         Other Railway Applications 36
                         Commercial Ship Propulsion  37
                         Electric Vehicles  37
               Communications  37
               Military/Defense  39
                         Military/Defense (Continued) 40
               Other End Uses 41
   MARKET SIZE AND SEGMENTATION  42
        MARKET SIZE 42
TABLE 3 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDITIVITY
   APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF APPLICATION, THROUGH 2015 ($
   MILLIONS)  42
FIGURE 1 TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR
   SUPERCONDUCTIVITY APPLICATIONS, 2009­2015 ($ MILLIONS)  43
        APPLICATION SEGMENTS 43
FIGURE 2 GLOBAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY APPLICATION
   SEGMENTS, 2009­2015 (%) 44
        END-USE SEGMENTS 45
   TABLE 4 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDITIVITY
      APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF END USE, THROUGH 2015 ($
      MILLIONS)  45
   FIGURE 3 GLOBAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY END USE SEGMENTS,
      2009­2015 (%)  46
            TYPES OF SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS 46
   TABLE 5 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS,
      THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 47

CHAPTER FOUR: SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES 
     SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS 48
           TYPE I SUPERCONDUCTORS  48
  TABLE 6 TYPE I SUPERCONDUCTORS 48
           TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS 49
  TABLE 7 TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS  49
                Low-Temperature versus High-Temperature
                    Superconductors 52
     CURRENT RESEARCH IN SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 52
           MAJOR PLAYERS AND AREAS OF CONCENTRATION  52
  TABLE 8 MAJOR ORGANIZATIONS CONDUCTING
     SUPERCONDUCTVITY RESEARCH  52
  TABLE 8 (CONTINUED) 53
           RECENT TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES 54
     PATENT ANALYSIS  55
  FIGURE 4 U.S. PATENTS RELATING TO LTS VERSUS HTS (% OF
     TOTAL SUPERCONDUCTIVITY-RELATED PATENTS)  56
  FIGURE 5 NUMBER OF U.S. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY-RELATED
     PATENTS BY TYPE OF APPLICATION (NO. OF PATENTS) 57
  FIGURE 6 U.S. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY-RELATED PATENTS BY
     TYPE OF ASSIGNEE (% OF 200-PATENT SAMPLE) 58
  FIGURE 7 U.S. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY-RELATED PATENTS BY
     ASSIGNEE'S COUNTRY OF ORIGIN (% OF 200-PATENT SAMPLE)  59

CHAPTER FIVE: SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS, 2009­-2015
    TECHNOLOGY 60
         CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS 60
         CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 60
              Construction. 60
              Materials  61
          TYPES OF SYSTEMS  61
               Cryogen-Free Magnets  62
               Low-Helium Consumption Magnets 62
               Projected Magnetic Field Superconducting Magnets 63
               High Magnetic Field Systems 63
               Hybrid Magnets 64
               Shielded Magnet Systems 64
    END USES  65
TABLE 9 SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET END USES 65
          SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
            DEVELOPMENT  65
               Particle Accelerators 65
                         Beam Transport Magnets 66
                         Accelerator Magnets 66
                         Bubble Chamber Magnets  66
               NMR Spectroscopy 67
          HEALTHCARE  68
               Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). 68
          TRANSPORTATION  68
               MagLev Trains 68
                         MagLev Trains (Continued) 69
               Other MagLev Applications  70
          OTHER END USES 70
               Magnetic Separations  70
               Disposable Mixing Systems. 71
    SUPPLIERS  71
TABLE 10 SUPPLIERS OF SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS AND
   COMPONENTS 71
    MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS 72
          SUMMARY 72
TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS,
   THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 72
FIGURE 8 GLOBAL SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET MARKET
   SHARES BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009­2015 (% TOTAL
   SHIPMENTS)  73
TABLE 12 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING
   MATERIALS USED IN MAGNETIC APPLICATIONS, THROUGH
   2015 ($ MILLIONS) 74
FIGURE 9 GLOBAL SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET MARKET
   SHARES BY TYPE OF SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIAL, 2009­
   2015 (% TOTAL SHIPMENTS) 74
FIGURE 9 (CONTINUED) 75
          SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
            DEVELOPMENT  75
TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
   USED IN SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
   DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS, 2009­2015 ($ MILLIONS) 75
                Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometers 75
FIGURE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NMR SPECTROMETERS, 2009­
   2015 ($ MILLIONS) 76
TABLE 14 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
   USED IN NMR SPECTROMETERS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  77
TABLE 15 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE
   USED IN NMR SPECTROMETER MAGNETS, THROUGH 2015 ($
   MILLIONS)  77
                Particle Accelerators 78
TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
   USED IN SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
   DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  78
                          Research Accelerators 78
                          Medical Accelerators 79
TABLE 17 U.S. PROTON THERAPY CENTERS  79
FIGURE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR PROTON THERAPY MACHINES,
   2009­2015 ($ MILLIONS) 80
TABLE 18 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
   AND WIRE USED IN PROTON THERAPY MACHINES, THROUGH
   2015 ($ MILLIONS) 81
          HEALTHCARE  81
                MRI Scanners  81
FIGURE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR MRI SCANNERS, 2009­2015 ($
   BILLIONS) 82
TABLE 19 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
   USED IN MRI SCANNERS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  82
TABLE 20 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE
   USED IN MRI SCANNER MAGNETS, THROUGH 2015 ($
   MILLIONS)  83
          TRANSPORTATION  83
                Superconducting MagLev Trains  83
TABLE 21 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
   USED IN MAGLEV RAILCARS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 84
          OTHER END USES 84
TABLE 22 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
   USED IN OTHER INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015
   ($ MILLIONS)  85
                Magnetic Separations  85
FIGURE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING
   MAGNETIC SEPARATORS, 2009­2015 ($ MILLIONS)  86
   TABLE 23 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
      USED IN HIGH-GRADIENT SEPARATION SYSTEMS, THROUGH
      2015 ($ MILLIONS) 86
                  Disposable Mixing Systems. 87
   FIGURE 14 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET-
      DRIVEN DISPOSABLE MIXING SYSTEMS, 2009­2015 ($
      MILLIONS)  87
   TABLE 24 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS
      USED IN DISPOSABLE MIXING SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2015 ($
      MILLIONS)  88

CHAPTER SIX: SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSFORMER TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS, 2009­-2015
     TECHNOLOGY 89
          CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPERCONDUCTING
            TRANSFORMERS  89
                Reduced Load Losses 89
                Lower Cost of Ownership  90
                Safety and Environmental Advantages  90
                Smaller Footprint and Lower Weight 91
          CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 91
                Construction. 91
                Materials  91
          TYPES OF SYSTEMS  92
                Iron Core versus Air Core 92
                Hybrid Transformers 92
     END USES  93
  TABLE 25 SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSFORMER END USES. 93
          ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 93
                Electricity Distribution 93
          TRANSPORTATION  94
     SUPPLIERS  94
  TABLE 26 SUPPLIERS OF SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSFORMERS
     AND COMPONENTS  94
     MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSFORMERS  94
          SUMMARY 94
  TABLE 27 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING
     TRANSFORMERS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  95
  FIGURE 15 GLOBAL SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSFORMER
     MARKET SHARES BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009­2015 (%
     TOTAL SHIPMENTS) 95
  TABLE 28 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING
     MATERIALS USED IN TRANSFORMER APPLICATIONS,
     THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 96
          ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 96
   FIGURE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR POWER TRANSFORMERS
      RATED 10 MVA AND ABOVE, 2009-2015 ($ BILLIONS) 96
   FIGURE 16 (CONTINUED) 97
   TABLE 29 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING UTILITY
      POWER TRANSFORMERS AND RELATED CONSUMPTION OF
      SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  97
           TRANSPORTATION  98
   TABLE 30 ESTIMATED SHINKANSEN-TYPE TRAIN SET
      DELIVERIES, THROUGH 2015 (NUMBER OF TRAIN SETS)  99
   TABLE 31 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING TRACTION
      TRANSFORMERS AND RELATED CONSUMPTION OF
      SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS, THROUGH 2015 ($
      MILLIONS)  99

CHAPTER SEVEN: SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRIC GENERATOR
  TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS, 2009­-2015 
      TECHNOLOGY 100
            CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPERCONDUCTING
              GENERATORS 100
                 Greater Efficiency  100
                 Longer Life 100
                 Smaller Size and Lighter Weight 100
                 Lower Acquisition and Installation Costs  101
            CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 101
                 Construction and Operation  101
                 Materials  102
      END USES  102
  TABLE 32 SUPERCONDUCTING GENERATOR END USES  102
            ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 102
            TRANSPORTATION  102
            MILITARY/DEFENSE 103
      SUPPLIERS  104
  TABLE 33 SUPPLIERS OF SUPERCONDUCTING GENERATORS AND
     COMPONENTS 104
      MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING GENERATORS  105
            SUMMARY 105
  TABLE 34 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING
     GENERATORS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 105
  FIGURE 17 GLOBAL SUPERCONDUCTING GENERATOR MARKET
     SHARES BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009­2015 (% TOTAL
     SHIPMENTS)  105
  FIGURE 17 (CONTINUED) 106
  TABLE 35 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING
     MATERIALS USED IN GENERATOR APPLICATIONS, THROUGH
     2015 ($ MILLIONS) 106
           ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 106
           TRANSPORTATION  107
   FIGURE 18 GLOBAL MARKET FOR MARINE PROPULSION
      GENERATORS, 2009­2015 ($ MILLIONS) 108
   TABLE 36 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MARINE
      PROPULSION GENERATORS AND RELATED CONSUMPTION OF
      SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 109
           MILITARY/DEFENSE 109
                Warship Propulsion Systems  109
                DEW 110
   TABLE 37 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING AIRBORNE
      GENERATORS AND RELATED CONSUMPTION OF
      SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 110

CHAPTER EIGHT: SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRIC MOTOR
  TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS, 2009-­2015 111
     TECHNOLOGY 111
          CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPERCONDUCTING MOTORS  111
                Compact Size 111
                Flexibility 111
                Reduced Noise  111
                Increased Stability. 112
                Lower Acquisition and Operating Cost  112
          CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 112
                Construction and Operation  112
          TYPES OF SYSTEMS  113
                Linear Motors  113
                Homopolar Motors 114
     END USES  114
  TABLE 38 SUPERCONDUCTING MOTOR END USES  114
          TRANSPORTATION  115
                Marine Propulsion Systems  115
                Electric Vehicles  115
                Electric Airplanes  116
          MILITARY/DEFENSE 116
          PROCESS INDUSTRIES 117
     SUPPLIERS  117
  TABLE 39 SUPPLIERS OF SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRIC
     MOTORS AND COMPONENTS  117
     MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRIC MOTORS 117
          SUMMARY 117
  TABLE 40 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRIC
     MOTORS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  118
  FIGURE 19 SUPERCONDUCTING MOTOR MARKET SHARES BY
     APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009­2015 (% TOTAL SHIPMENTS) 118
   FIGURE 19 (CONTINUED) 119
   TABLE 41 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING
      MATERIALS USED IN ELECTRIC MOTOR APPLICATIONS,
      THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 119
            TRANSPORTATION  119
   FIGURE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR MARINE ELECTRIC MOTORS,
      2009­2015 ($ MILLIONS) 120
   TABLE 42 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MARINE
      ELECTRIC MOTORS AND RELATED CONSUMPTION OF
      SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 121
            MILITARY/DEFENSE 121
            PROCESS INDUSTRIES 121
   TABLE 43 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING MARINE
      ELECTRIC MOTORS AND RELATED CONSUMPTION OF
      SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 122

CHAPTER NINE: FCL TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS, 2009­2015 123
      TECHNOLOGY 123
            CHARACTERISTICS 123
            CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 124
                 Construction. 124
                 Materials  124
            TYPES OF SYSTEMS  124
                 Resistive FCLs 125
                 Inductive FCLs  125
      END USES  125
  TABLE 44 FCL APPLICATIONS  125
            ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 125
            TRANSPORTATION  126
      SUPPLIERS  126
  TABLE 45 SUPPLIERS OF FCLS  126
      MARKET FOR FCLS  127
            SUMMARY 127
  TABLE 46 GLOBAL MARKET FOR FCLS, THROUGH 2015 ($
     MILLIONS)  127
  FIGURE 21 FCL MARKET SHARES BY APPLICATION SEGMENT,
     2009­2015 (% TOTAL SHIPMENTS) 127
  FIGURE 21 (CONTINUED) 128
  TABLE 47 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING
     MATERIALS USED IN FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS, THROUGH
     2015 ($ MILLIONS) 128
            ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 128
  TABLE 48 GLOBAL ELECTIC UTILITY MARKET FOR FAULT
     CURRENT LIMITERS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 129
            TRANSPORTATION  130
   TABLE 49 GLOBAL MARINE MARKET FOR FAULT CURRENT
     LIMITERS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 130

CHAPTER TEN: SUPERCONDUCTING POWER STORAGE
  TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS, 2009­2015 131
     TECHNOLOGY 131
          CHARACTERISTICS 131
          TYPES OF SYSTEMS  131
                 SMES 131
                 Superconducting Flywheel Energy Storage (SFES). 132
          CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 132
                 Construction. 132
                 Materials  133
     END USES  133
  TABLE 50 SUPERCONDUCTING ENERGY STORAGE APPLICATIONS  133
          ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 133
          MANUFACTURING  134
     SUPPLIERS  134
  TABLE 51 DEVELOPERS OF SUPERCONDUCTING POWER
     STORAGE SYSTEMS 134
     MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS  134
          SUMMARY 134
  TABLE 52 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING POWER
     STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  135
  FIGURE 22 GLOBAL SUPERCONDUCTING POWER STORAGE
     SHARES BY APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009­2015 (% TOTAL
     SHIPMENTS)  135
  FIGURE 22 (CONTINUED) 136
  TABLE 53 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING
     MATERIALS USED IN POWER STORAGE APPLICATIONS,
     THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 136
          ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 136
  TABLE 54 GLOBAL ELECTRIC UTILITY MARKET FOR
     SUPERCONDUCTING ENERGY STORAGE, THROUGH 2015 ($
     MILLIONS)  137
          OTHER INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 137
  TABLE 55 GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL MARKET FOR
     SUPERCONDUCTING ENERGY STORAGE, THROUGH 2015 ($
     MILLIONS)  137

CHAPTER ELEVEN: SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT LEAD TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS, 2009­-2015 
    TECHNOLOGY 138
         CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT
           LEADS 138
            CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 138
                  Construction. 138
                  Materials  139
       END USES  139
   TABLE 56 SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT LEAD END USES  139
            SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
               DEVELOPMENT  139
            HEALTHCARE AND OTHER APPLICATIONS  140
       SUPPLIERS  140
   TABLE 57 SUPPLIERS OF SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT LEADS 140
       MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT LEADS 140
   TABLE 58 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT
      LEADS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  141
   FIGURE 23 SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET MARKET SHARES BY
      APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009­2015 (% TOTAL SHIPMENTS) 141
   TABLE 59 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING
      MATERIALS USED IN SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT LEAD
      APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  142
            SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
               DEVELOPMENT  142
   TABLE 60 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT
      LEADS USED IN SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
      DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 142
            HEALTHCARE  143
   TABLE 61 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT
      LEADS USED IN HEALTHCARE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015
      ($ MILLIONS)  143

CHAPTER TWELVE: SUPERCONDUCTING CABLE TECHNOLOGIES
  AND MARKETS, 2009­2015 144
     TECHNOLOGY 144
          CHACTERISTICS OF SUPERCONDUCTING WIRES 144
          CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 145
     END USES  145
     SUPPLIERS  146
  TABLE 62 DEVELOPERS AND SUPPLIERS OF SUPERCONDUCTING
    ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION WIRE AND CABLE 146
     MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING CABLE 146
  TABLE 63 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRIC
    TRANSMISSION CABLE, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 147

CHAPTER THIRTEEN: SUPERCONDUCTING IC TECHNOLOGIES AND
  MARKETS, 2009­2015  148
    TECHNOLOGY 148
         CHARACTERISTICS 148
           CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 149
       END USES  149
   TABLE 64 SUPERCONDUCTING IC END USES  149
           SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
              DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS 149
           COMMUNICATIONS  149
           COMPUTING 150
       SUPPLIERS  150
   TABLE 65 SUPPLIERS OF SUPERCONDUCTING CURRENT LEADS 150
       MARKETS 150
           SUMMARY 150
   TABLE 66 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING ICS,
      THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 151
   FIGURE 24 GLOBAL SUPERCONDUCTING IC MARKET SHARES BY
      APPLICATION SEGMENT, 2009­2015 (% TOTAL SHIPMENTS) 151
   FIGURE 24 (CONTINUED) 152
   TABLE 67 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING THIN-
      FILM MATERIALS IN THE FABRICATION OF
      SUPERCONDUCTING ICS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  152
           SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
              DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS 153
                  Voltage Standard ICs  153
   TABLE 68 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING
      INTEGRATED CIRCUITS USED IN VOLTAGE METROLOGY
      APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  153
           COMMUNICATIONS  153
                  Digital Signal Processors (DSPs)  154
   TABLE 69 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING
      INTEGRATED CIRCUITS USED IN DIGITAL SIGNAL
      PROCESSING APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  154
           COMPUTING 154
                  HPC  154
   TABLE 70 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING
      INTEGRATED CIRCUITS USED IN QUANTUM AND OTHER HIGH-
      PERFORMANCE PROCESSORS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  155

CHAPTER FOURTEEN: SUPERCONDUCTING RF AND MICROWAVE
  FILTER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS, 2009­2015  156
     TECHNOLOGY 156
          CHARACTERISTICS 156
          CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 156
     END USES  156
     SUPPLIERS  156
  TABLE 71 COMPANIES THAT ARE MANUFACTURING OR
    DEVELOPING SUPERCONDUCTING RF FILTERS  157
      MARKETS 157
   TABLE 72 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING RF
     FILTERS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 157
   TABLE 73 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING RF
     FILTERS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 158

CHAPTER FIFTEEN: SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM
  INTERFERENCE DEVICE (SQUID) TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS,
  2009­2015 159
      TECHNOLOGY 159
            CHARACTERISTICS 159
            CONSTRUCTION, MATERIALS, AND PERFORMANCE 159
      END USES  159
  TABLE 74 SQUID END USES 159
            SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
               DEVELOPMENT  160
            HEALTHCARE  160
            OTHER 160
      SUPPLIERS  161
  TABLE 75 SQUID SUPPLIERS 161
      MARKETS 161
  TABLE 76 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SQUIDS, THROUGH 2015 ($
     MILLIONS)  161
  FIGURE 25 SQUID SENSOR MARKET SHARES BY APPLICATION
     SEGMENT, 2009­2015 (% TOTAL SHIPMENTS)  162
  TABLE 77 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF SUPERCONDUCTING
     MATERIALS IN THE FABRICATION OF SQUID SENSORS,
     THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS). 163
            SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY
               DEVELOPMENT  163
  TABLE 78 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SQUIDS USED IN SCIENCE,
     RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, THROUGH
     2015 ($ MILLIONS) 164
            HEALTHCARE  164
  TABLE 79 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SQUIDS USED IN HEALTHCARE
     APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS)  164
            OTHER APPLICATIONS  165
  TABLE 80 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SQUIDS USED IN OTHER
     APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2015 ($ MILLIONS) 165

APPENDIX: COMPANY PROFILES 166
    ABB, LTD. 166
    ACCEL INSTRUMENTS GMBH 166
    ADVANCED MAGNET LAB, INC.  166
    ALSTOM 167
AMERICAN MAGNETICS, INC. 167
AMERICAN SUPERCONDUCTOR CORP.  168
ASG SUPERCONDUCTORS SPA 168
BABCOCK NOELL GMBH  169
COLORADO SUPERCONDUCTOR CORP.  169
CRYOELECTRA GMBH. 169
CRYOMAGNETICS, INC.  169
CRYOTON, LTD.  170
DIBORIDE CONDUCTORS, LTD.  170
D-WAVE SYSTEMS, INC.  170
ERIEZ MAGNETICS CO. 171
EUROPEAN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS GMBH
   & CO. KG 171
EVICO GMBH 171
FUJI ELECTRIC CO. 172
FUJIKURA, LTD. 172
FURUKAWA ELECTRIC CO., LTD. 173
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 173
HITACHI, LTD.  174
HTS-110, LTD.  174
HYPER TECH RESEARCH, INC. 174
HYPRES, INC.  175
INNOVA SUPERCONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES 176
ISCO INTERNATIONAL, LLC  176
ISHIKAWAJIMA-HARIMA HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. 176
JANIS RESEARCH CO., INC. 177
KARLSRUHER INSTITUT FÜR TECHNOLOGIE  177
KAWASAKI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. 177
LEVTECH, INC. 178
LUVATA PORI OY 178
MAGLEV 2000  178
METAL OXIDE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.  179
NEOCERA, INC. 180
NEXANS  180
NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP.  180
OXFORD INSTRUMENTS, PLC 181
OXFORD SUPERCONDUCTING TECHNOLOGY, INC.  181
QUANTUM DESIGN, INC.  181
ROYAL PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV  182
SCIENTIFIC MAGNETICS 182
SIEMENS AG  182
SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, LTD. 183
SUPERPOWER, INC. 183
SUPERCONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 183
TOSHIBA CORP.  184
WAUKESHA ELECTRIC SYSTEMS, INC 184
ZENERGY POWER, PLC 185