This report provides the WPAN/WLAN sub-GHz technologies and markets analysis and assessments; it concentrates on the recent developmental trends. The report is useful for service providers, retail operators, vendors, network operators and managers, investors and end users seeking to gain a deeper understanding of WLAN/WPAN opportunities and barriers.

This report addresses properties and benefits of wireless communications in the sub-GHz ISM bands. Particular, it stresses the importance of such technologies in the development of HANs, Smart Grid, BA&C and other related cases.

The following Sub-GHz technologies, related markets, standards and applications are analyzed:

• ZigBee
• Insteon
• Z-Wave
• EnOcean
• Wavenis
• IEEE 802.15.4g
• IEEE 802.11af
• IEEE 802.11ah.

The major attractions of these sub-GHz technologies include:

• Extended range - they allow 5-10 times longer reaches in comparison with 2.4 GHz band transmissions. This is the result of smaller losses when signal is traveling through various obstacles; besides, the sub-GHz ISM bands are less crowded -Low power consumption
• Support of multiple applications that allow a relatively slow rate of transmission.

The industry shows all signs of the interest in utilization of sub-GHz ISM bands; such communications offer great opportunities that were not realized until recently.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction

    1.1 General
    1.2 Specifics
    1.3 Scope
    1.4 Research Methodology
    1.5 Target Audience

2.0 Frequency Bands and Benefits of Sub-GHz Transmission

    2.1 ITU Designation
    2.2 Propagation Specifics and sub-GHz Transmission Benefits and Limitations

3.0 IEEE-802.15.4g-Smart Utility Networks

    3.1 Purpose
    3.2 Need
    3.3 Details
        3.3.1 Requirements: Major Characteristics
        3.3.2 Considerations
        3.3.3 Network Requirements
        3.3.3.1 Structure
        3.3.4 PHY/MAC Modifications
    3.4 Market Considerations
    3.5 Vendor Sample

4.0 IEEE 802.11ah

    4.1 Goal
    4.2 Status
    4.3 Compatibility
    4.4 Details

5.0 IEEE 802.11af

    5.1 General: Expectations
    5.2 Objectives
    5.3 Status
    5.4 Difference
    5.5 Benefits
    5.6 Specifics
        5.6.1 Devices
        5.6.2 Use of Database
        5.6.3 PHY and MAC
    5.7 Use Cases

6.0 ZigBee - IEEE 802.15.4

    6.1 General
    6.2 Sub-GHz ZigBee
    6.3 ZigBee Acceptance
    6.4 Specifics
        6.4.1 Major Features
        6.4.2 Device Types
        6.4.3 Protocol Stack
            6.4.3.1 Physical and MAC Layers - IEEE802.15.4
            6.4.3.2 Frame
            6.4.3.3 Upper Layers
        6.4.4 Interoperability
        6.4.5 Security
        6.4.6 Platform Considerations
            6.4.6.1 Battery Life
        6.4.7 ZigBee Technology Benefits and Limitations
        6.4.8 Standardization Process
            6.4.8.1 ZigBee Alliance
                6.4.8.1.1 Objectives
    6.5 IEEE 802.15.4 - ZigBee Basis
    6.6 Application Specifics - Profiles
    6.7 Applications
        6.7.1 General
        6.7.2 Smart Houses-SH
        6.7.3 PC
        6.7.4 Manufacturing
        6.7.5 WSN and ZigBee
            6.7.5.1 ZigBee Role
            6.7.5.2 " Green" ZigBee
            6.7.5.3 ZigBee Telecom Services
            6.7.5.4 Building Automation
            6.7.5.5 Smart Energy Profile
                6.7.5.5.1 Features
                6.7.5.5.2 Smart Energy Profile v.2.0
            6.7.5.6 ZigBee IP
            6.7.5.7 ZigBee Network Devices - IP Gateway
    6.8 Market
        6.8.1 Expectations
        6.8.2 Segments
        6.8.3 Forecast
        6.8.4 Sub-GHz: Certification
        6.8.5 Industry

    Adaptive Networks Solutions (RF Sub-GHz)
    Amber (RF Modules, Sub-GHz)
    Atmel (Chipsets)
    CEL (Modules)
    Cirronet-RFM (Modules-Industrial Applications)
    Digi (RF, Sub-GHz)
    Ember (Chipsets)
    EnergyHub (Smart Home)
    GreenPeak (WSN)
    Helicomm (Modules, Sub-GHz)
    Jennic-NXP (Chipsets-Modules)
    Freescale (Chipsets, Sub-GHz)
    Microchip Technologies (Modules, Sub-GHz)
    Nuri Telecom (AMR Application)
    Oki (Chipsets)
    Renesas (Platforms, AMR, Sub-GHz)
    Silicon Laboratories (Chipsets, Modules, Sub-GHz)
    Synapse (Modules, Sub-GHz, Protocol)
    TI (Chipsets, Sub-GHz)
    ZMDI (Sub-GHz)

7.0 EnOcean

    7.1 General
    7.2 The Company
    7.3 EnOcean Alliance
    7.4 Standard
    7.4.1 Features
    7.4.2 Drivers
    7.5 Technology Details
    7.5.1 Framework
    7.6 Generations
    7.7 Profiles
    7.8 Benefits
    7.9 Summary
    7.10 Unions
    7.11 Market Estimate
    7.12 Industry

    BSC Magnum
    Beckhoff
    Echoflex
    Illumra
    Leviton
    Thermokon

8.0 Z-Wave

    8.1 General
    8.2 Z-Wave Alliance
    8.3 Benefits
    8.4 Details
    8.4.1 General
    8.4.2 Characteristics
    8.5 ZigBee and Z-Wave
    8.6 Advanced Energy Control Framework
    8.6.1 Z-wave and Smart Metering
    8.7 Selected Vendors

    Aeon Labs
    Mi Casa Verde
    NorthQ
    Sigma Designs
    There
    8.8 Pricing
    8.9 Market Estimate: Z-wave Products for Smart Houses
    8.9.1 Model
    8.9.2 Results

9.0 Insteon

    9.1 General
    9.2 Alliance
    9.3 Specification
    9.4 Major Properties
    9.5 Major Applications

10.0 Wavenis

    10.1 General
    10.2 Coronis
    10.3 Progress - Alliance
    10.4 Wavenis Major Features and Benefits
    10.5 Summary

11.0 Conclusions

    Figure 1: Frequency Bands
    Figure 2: Global
    Figure 3: Sub-GHz Transmission Characteristics
    Figure 4: Options
    Figure 5: TAM: Smart Grid ICT-Global ($B)
    Figure 6: TAM: Global SUN ($B)
    Figure 7: TAM: Global sub-GHz SUN ($B)
    Figure 8: ZigBee Protocol Stack
    Figure 9: Frame Structure - IEEE 802.15.4 PHY
    Figure 10: Frame Structure - IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
    Figure 11: Profiles
    Figure 12: ZigBee IP Gateway Protocol Stack
    Figure 13: Technology Stack
    Figure 14: TAM: Global ZigBee Modules Sales ($B)
    Figure 15: TAM: Global ZigBee Modules Sales (M Units)
    Figure 16: ZigBee Market Segmentation (2011)
    Figure 17: ZigBee Market Segmentation (2016)
    Figure 18: Functionalities
    Figure 19: Energy Requirements
    Figure 20: TAM: EnOcean Industry Equipment Sales ($M)
    Figure 21: TAM: EnOcean Industry Equipment Sales (Mil. Units)
    Figure 22: TAM Estimate: U.S. Small SH Z-Wave IC ($US Mil)
    Figure 23: TAM Estimate: U.S. Large SH Z-Wave IC ($US Mil)

    Table 1: ZigBee-2.4 GHz vs. 900 MHz
    Table 2: PHYs Illustration
    Table 3: ZigBee Parameters - IEEE 802.15.4 - 2003
    Table 4: ZigBee/802.15.4-2006 Characteristics
    Table 5: ZigBee Smart Energy Profile Feature Set
    Table 6: Major Features
    Table 7: Z-Wave and ZigBee
    Table 8: Z-wave Products Retail Pricing