The century-old U.S. electrical grid has been called the largest interconnected machine on earth. It consists of more than 9,200 electric-generating units with more than 1,000,000 MW of generating capacity, connected to more than 300,000 miles of transmission lines. Several years ago, the U.S. National Academy of Engineering voted the national electrification made possible by this grid as the “most significant engineering achievement of the 20th century.”
However, the grid is showing its age. There have been massive blackouts in recent years, including the 2003 Northeast blackout, the worst in the nation’s history. Although it was accidental, the 2003 blackout was a reminder of the grid’s vulnerability to terrorist attack. And this blackout was foreshadowed by a troubling trend: According to the Department of Energy, 41% more outages affected 50,000 or more consumers in the second half of the 1990s than in the first half of the decade. The “average” outage affected 15% more consumers from 1996 to 2000 than from 1991 to 1995 (409,854 versus 355,204).
Regular power outages and blackouts cost the U.S. economy between $80 billion and $188 billion annually, according to a recent University of Minnesota study. The figure reflects only direct losses to the economy, and does not take into account the inconvenience and frustration experienced by users during a power outage.
In addition to growing concerns about the U.S. electric grid’s robustness and reliability, the grid was designed and built with one basic objective in mind — keeping the lights on. Meanwhile, other concerns have become increasingly important in the political and public dialogue about the status and future of the electrical grid, particularly:
Governments and utilities in the U.S. and elsewhere are investing in new technologies in order to build a 21st-century grid that:
In addition to meeting the need for reliable, high-quality power, these technologies are intended to meet the economy’s energy needs as efficiently as possible, optimizing energy consumption and related environmental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions.
These technologies are often referred to generically as smart grid technologies. Smart grid describes a set of related technologies, rather than specific technology with a generally agreed-on specification.
These technologies fall into five main areas:
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
This report is an update of an earlier report with the same title that was published in early 2011. Since then, there have been important developments that have the potential to affect the development of the smart grid. A growing number of investor- and publicly-owned utilities have been investing in smart grid projects. Large corporate players such as Google, IBM, GE, and Cisco are showing increasing interest in the smart grid; and there has been a significant increase in the amount of venture capital flowing into smart grid–related investments.
On the negative side, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, with its billions of dollars of investments in smart grid technologies, has ended, The slow recovery of the U.S. economy from the 2008 and 2009 recession has dampened the growth of the smart grid, for example, by making it harder for utilities and suppliers to obtain credit, making the weighted average cost of capital higher, and impacting the discounting of costs and benefits in the business case. Regulators in some states (e.g., Maryland and Oklahoma) have rejected utilities’ smart grid proposals, arguing that consumers were expected to bear too much of the cost and risk and that potential returns do not justify the cost.
The overall goal of updating this report is to reassess the business opportunities for providers of smart grid technologies that will arise over the next 5 years as products utilizing these technologies increase their market penetration.
In support of this goal, specific objectives of the report include:
INTENDED AUDIENCE
The report is intended especially for providers of smart grid technologies and products based on these technologies. Although the report is structured around specific technologies, it is largely nontechnical in nature. That is, it is concerned less with theory and jargon than with what works, how much of the latter the market is likely to purchase, and at what price.
As such, the report’s main audience is executive management, marketing, and financial analysts. It is not written specifically for scientists and technologists, although its findings concerning the market for their work, including the availability of government and corporate research funding for different technologies and applications should interest them as well.
Others who should find the report informative include government agencies, environmental, and public policy interest groups with an interest in energy, the environment, and sustainable development in general.
SCOPE AND FORMAT
The study covers the major enabling technologies for the smart grid, including:
The study format includes the following major elements:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Chapter- 1: INTRODUCTION
STUDY BACKGROUND
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
INTENDED AUDIENCE
SCOPE AND FORMAT
METHODOLOGY
AUTHOR'S CREDENTIALS
DISCLAIMER
Chapter- 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY $250
Table Summary : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Figure Summary : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES, 2012-2018
Chapter- 3: "SMART GRIDS": AN OVERVIEW $1138
DEFINITIONS
BENEFITS OF SMART GRIDS
DIRECT BENEFITS
Benefits to Utilities
Benefits to Users
INDIRECT BENEFITS
Reduced Consumption of Fossil Fuels
Improved Balance of Payments Position
Enhanced National Security
Job Creation
Economic Development
Environmental Benefits
THE PATH TO A SMART GRID
GRID 2030
National Electricity "Backbone"
Regional Interconnections
Local Distribution, Mini- and Micro-Grids
NATIONAL ELECTRIC DELIVERY TECHNOLOGIES ROADMAP
Figure 4 : NATIONAL ELECTRICITY DELIVERY TECHNOLOGIES OVERALL ROADMAP
Figure 5 : NATIONAL ELECTRICITY DELIVERY ROADMAP FOR DEVELOPING CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES
EARLY ADOPTERS
Southern California Edison Company
Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demonstration Project
TXU Energy Broadband over Power Line Smart Grid
Xcel Energy Smart Grid City
Austin Energy Smart Grid Program
Other Projects
ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE SMART GRID
COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES
SENSING AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES
ADVANCED COMPONENTS
CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
INTERFACE AND DECISION-SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES
Table 2 : MAJOR CLASSES OF SMART GRID-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES
MARKET SUMMARY
Table 3 : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2018
Figure 6 : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES, 2012-2018
Figure 7 : U.S. SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES MARKET SHARES, 2012-2018
Chapter- 4: MARKET ENVIRONMENT FOR SMART GRID-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES $1242
LEGAL AND REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT
BARRIERS TO SMART GRID DEPLOYMENT
Federal-State Coordination
Cost Recovery
Other Incentives to Increase Grid Efficiency
Least Cost Planning
Environmental, Public Health and Safety Impacts
Lack of Standards
LEGISLATION AND REGULATION
Federal Initiatives
State Legislation and Regulation
FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
FINANCING THE SMART GRID
Government-Funded Programs
UTILITIES
R&D
Chapter- 5: INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS FOR SMART GRIDS: TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS $673
SUMMARY
Table 4 : U.S. MARKET FOR INTEGRATED SMART GRID COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Figure 8 : TRENDS IN U.S. MARKET FOR INTEGRATED SMART GRID COMMUNICATIONS, 2012-2018
HOME AREA NETWORKS
TECHNOLOGIES
ZigBee
Wi-Fi
Z-Wave
In-Home Power Line Communications
Table 5 : ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID HOME AREA NETWORKS
USNAP
COMMERCIAL STATUS AND OBSTACLES TO DEPLOYMENT
PRODUCERS AND DEVELOPERS
Table 6 : COMPANIES THAT MARKET OR ARE DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID HANS
MARKETS
Table 7 : MARKET FOR SMART GRID HAN COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
NEIGHBORHOOD AREA NETWORKS
TECHNOLOGIES
Broadband over Power Line
Meshed Wi-Fi
ZigBee
WiMAX
Licensed Spectrum
Table 8 : ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID NEIGHBORHOOD AREA NETWORKS
COMMERCIAL STATUS AND OBSTACLES TO DEPLOYMENT
PROVIDERS
Table 9 : COMPANIES THAT MARKET OR ARE DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID NANS
MARKET
Table 10 : MARKET FOR SMART GRID NAN COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
BACKBONE COMMUNICATIONS
TECHNOLOGIES
MARKETS
Table 11 : MARKET FOR SMART GRID BACKBONE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Chapter- 6: SENSING AND MEASUREMENT FOR SMART GRIDS: TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS $776
SUMMARY
Table 12 : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID SENSING AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Figure 9 : TRENDS IN THE U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID SENSING AND MEASUREMENT, 2012-2018
SMART METERING
TECHNOLOGIES
COMMERCIAL STATUS AND BARRIERS TO DEPLOYMENT
PRODUCERS
MARKET
Table 14 : MARKET FOR SMART METERS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
WIDE-AREA MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
TECHNOLOGY
COMMERCIAL STATUS AND BARRIERS TO DEPLOYMENT
PROVIDERS
MARKETS
Table 16 : MARKET FOR PMUs AND RELATED WAMS TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
DYNAMIC LINE-RATING SENSORS
INSULATOR LEAKAGE SENSORS
OTHER MONITORING SYSTEMS
Chapter- 7: ADVANCED COMPONENTS FOR SMART GRIDS: TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS $1811
SUMMARY
Table 22 : U.S. MARKET FOR ADVANCED SMART GRID COMPONENTS, THROUGH 2018
Figure 10 : TRENDS IN U.S. MARKET FOR ADVANCED SMART GRID COMPONENTS, 2012-2018
POWER ELECTRONICS
TECHNOLOGIES
Table 23 : TYPES OF POWER ELECTRONIC DEVICES
COMMERCIAL STATUS AND OBSTACLES TO DEPLOYMENT
PROVIDERS
Table 24 : PROVIDERS OF POWER ELECTRONICS DEVICES FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS
MARKETS
Table 25 : U.S. POWER ELECTRONICS MARKET FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018
FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS
TECHNOLOGY
Resistive FCLs
Inductive FCLs
COMMERCIAL STATUS AND OBSTACLES TO DEPLOYMENT
PROVIDERS
Table 26 : SUPPLIERS OF FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS
MARKET
Table 27 : U.S. ELECTRIC UTILITY MARKET FOR FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS, THROUGH 2018
HIGH-CAPACITY TRANSMISSION CABLE
TECHNOLOGIES
Superconducting Cable
High-Capacity Overhead Conductor Cable
Aluminum-Conductor Composite Core Cable
Aluminum-Conductor Composite Reinforced Cable
Annealed Aluminum, Steel-Supported Trapezoidal Cross-Section Conductor Wire
COMMERCIAL STATUS AND BARRIERS TO DEPLOYMENT
PROVIDERS
Table 28 : PROVIDERS OF HIGH-CAPACITY TRANSMISSION CABLE FOR THE SMART GRID
MARKET
Superconducting Cable
High-Capacity Overhead Conductor Cable
Table 29 : MARKET FOR ADVANCED ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION CABLE, THROUGH 2018
DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES
DISTRIBUTED GENERATION DEVICES
Technologies
Photovoltaics
Wind Turbine
Microturbines
Fuel Cells
Providers
Table 35 : PROVIDERS OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION EQUIPMENT
Markets
Photovoltaics
Wind Turbines
Fuel Cells
Microturbines
Table 36 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
DISTRIBUTED STORAGE SYSTEMS
Technologies
Sodium Batteries
Vanadium Redox Batteries
Supercapacitors
Superconducting Power Storage
Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
Superconducting Flywheel Energy Storage
Compressed-Air Energy Storage
Plug-In Hybrid and All-Electric Vehicles
Providers
Table 42 : PROVIDERS OF DISTRIBUTED STORAGE EQUIPMENT
Markets
Sodium Batteries
Table 44 : U.S. MARKET FOR NAS AND OTHER SODIUM BATTERY POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Vanadium Redox Batteries
Table 45 : U.S. MARKET FOR VANADIUM REDOX BATTERY DISTRIBUTED POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Superconducting Magnetic and Flywheel Storage
Table 46 : U.S. MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Supercapacitors
Table 47 : U.S. MARKET FOR SUPERCAPACITOR STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Compressed-Air Storage
Table 48 : U.S. MARKET FOR COMPRESSED AIR STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Plug-In Hybrid and All-Electric Vehicle Storage
Table 49 : U.S. MARKET FOR GRID-CONNECTED PHEVS, THROUGH 2018
Table 43 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 32 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Chapter- 8: ADVANCED CONTROLS FOR SMART GRIDS: TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS $880
SUMMARY
DISTRIBUTED INTELLIGENT AGENTS
TECHNOLOGIES
Digital Protective Relays
Intelligent Tap Changers
Dynamic Circuit-Rating Tools
Distributed Energy Management Systems
Grid-Friendly Appliance Controllers
Dynamic Distributed Power Flow Controllers
PRODUCERS AND DEVELOPERS
Table 51 : PROVIDERS OF DISTRIBUTED INTELLIGENT AGENTS
MARKET
Digital Protective Relays
Table 53 : MARKET FOR DIGITAL PROTECTIVE RELAYS, THROUGH 2018
Intelligent Tap Changers
Table 54 : MARKET FOR INTELLIGENT TAP CHANGERS, THROUGH 2018
Distributed Energy Management Systems
Table 55 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Grid-Friendly Appliance Controllers
Table 56 : MARKET FOR GRID-FRIENDLY APPLIANCE CONTROLLERS, THROUGH 2013
Distributed Power-Flow Controllers
Table 57 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED POWER-FLOW CONTROLLERS, THROUGH 2018
Table 52 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED INTELLIGENT AGENTS, THROUGH 2018
HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING
TECHNOLOGIES
MARKETS
Table 58 : UTILITY MARKET DISTRIBUTED AND CLOUD COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
CENTRALIZED CONTROL APPLICATIONS
TECHNOLOGIES
Table 59 : CENTRALIZED APPLICATIONS FOR THE SMART GRID
PROVIDERS
Table 60 : PROVIDERS OF CENTRALIZED SMART GRID CONTROL APPLICATIONS
MARKETS
Table 61 : MARKET FOR CENTRALIZED SMART GRID CONTROL APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018
INTERFACES AND DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS
TECHNOLOGIES
Table 62 : INTERFACE AND DECISION-SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE SMART GRID
PRODUCERS AND DEVELOPERS
Table 63 : PROVIDERS OF INTERFACE AND DECISION-SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS
MARKET
Table 64 : MARKET FOR INTERFACE AND DECISION-SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018
Chapter- 9: APPENDIX A: SELECTED COMPANY PROFILES $1138
INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS
ALVARION, INC.
AMBIENT CORP.
AMPERION, INC.
ARKADOS GROUP, INC.
CURRENT COMMUNICATIONS GROUP, LLC
EMBER CORP.
GAINSPAN CORP.
GRIDNET, INC.
MAIN.NET POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
MMB NETWORKS, INC.
RUGGEDCOM INC.
SMARTSYNCH
TELKONET, INC.
TRILLIANT NETWORKS
SMART GRID SENSING AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES
SMART METERS
Echelon Corp.
Elster LLC
eMeter Corp.
EnergyICT Inc.
Itron, Inc.
Landis+Gyr AG
Sensus Metering Systems
WIRE AREA MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
Doubletree Systems, Inc.
Macrodyne, Inc.
PowerWorld Corp.
DYNAMIC LINE RATING
Electrotech, Inc.
The Valley Group, Inc.
USi Power
INSULATOR CURRENT LEAKAGE SENSORS
PSP Technologies, Inc.
TPX Energy
OTHER SENSORS
FISO
Intelligent Controls, Inc.
ADVANCED COMPONENTS
POWER ELECTRONICS
Satcon Technology Corporation
Xantrex Technology Inc.
FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS
Nexans
Superpower Inc.
TRANSMISSION CABLE
3M Company
American Superconductor Corp.
Composite Technology Corp.
Comverge, Inc.
EnerNOC, Inc.
Hyper Tech Research, Inc.
Metal Oxide Technologies Inc.
Southwire Co.
DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
MICROTURBINES
Capstone Turbine Corp.
PHOTOVOLTAICS
First Solar Inc.
HelioVolt Corp.
FUEL CELLS
Fuel Cell Energy, Inc.
Materials and Systems Research, Inc.
DISTRIBUTED STORAGE
Maxwell Technologies, Inc.
NGK Insulators, Ltd.
SMART GRID CONTROLS
DISTRIBUTED INTELLIGENT AGENTS
BPL GLOBAL, LTD.
GridPoint, Inc.
CENTRALIZED CONTROL APPLICATIONS
Intergraph Corp.
Milsoft Utility Solutions
Silver Spring Networks
INTERFACE AND DECISION SUPPORT
Space-Time Insight
Chapter- 10: APPENDIX B: PATENT ANALYSIS $103
Table 65 : NUMBER OF U.S. SMART GRID-RELATED PATENTS BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY
Figure 12 : U.S. SMART GRID-RELATED PATENTS BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY, AS OF JULY 25, 2013
List of Tables
Summary Table : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 1 : U.S. CONSUMPTION OF FOSSIL FUELS FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION, THROUGH 2012
Table 2 : MAJOR CLASSES OF SMART GRID-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES
Table 3 : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2018
Table 4 : U.S. MARKET FOR INTEGRATED SMART GRID COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 5 : ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID HOME AREA NETWORKS
Table 6 : COMPANIES THAT MARKET OR ARE DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID HANS
Table 7 : MARKET FOR SMART GRID HAN COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 8 : ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID NEIGHBORHOOD AREA NETWORKS
Table 9 : COMPANIES THAT MARKET OR ARE DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID NANS
Table 10 : MARKET FOR SMART GRID NAN COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 11 : MARKET FOR SMART GRID BACKBONE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 12 : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID SENSING AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 13 : SMART METER PRODUCERS
Table 14 : MARKET FOR SMART METERS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 15 : PROVIDERS OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID WAMS
Table 16 : MARKET FOR PMUs AND RELATED WAMS TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 17 : PROVIDERS OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID WAMS
Table 18 : MARKET FOR DYNAMIC LINE-RATING SENSORS AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 19 : U.S. MARKET FOR REMOTE INSULATOR LEAKAGE CURRENT SENSORS FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018
Table 20 : PROVIDERS OF OTHER TYPES OF SMART GRID SENSING AND MEASURING TECHNOLOGIES
Table 21 : U.S. MARKET FOR OTHER MONITORING AND SENSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018
Table 22 : U.S. MARKET FOR ADVANCED SMART GRID COMPONENTS, THROUGH 2018
Table 23 : TYPES OF POWER ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Table 24 : PROVIDERS OF POWER ELECTRONICS DEVICES FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS
Table 25 : U.S. POWER ELECTRONICS MARKET FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018
Table 26 : SUPPLIERS OF FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS
Table 27 : U.S. ELECTRIC UTILITY MARKET FOR FAULT CURRENT LIMITERS, THROUGH 2018
Table 28 : PROVIDERS OF HIGH-CAPACITY TRANSMISSION CABLE FOR THE SMART GRID
Table 29 : MARKET FOR ADVANCED ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION CABLE, THROUGH 2018
Table 30 : MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION CABLE, THROUGH 2018
Table 31 : MARKET FOR HIGH-CAPACITY OVERHEAD CONDUCTOR CABLE, THROUGH 2018
Table 32 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 33 : MAJOR PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGIES
Table 34 : MAJOR FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES
Table 35 : PROVIDERS OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION EQUIPMENT
Table 36 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 37 : PROJECTED U.S. CONSUMPTION OF PHOTOVOLTAICS, THROUGH 2018
Table 38 : PROJECTED U.S. MARKET FOR GRID-CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAICS, THROUGH 2018
Table 39 : PROJECTED U.S. MARKET FOR WIND TURBINES, THROUGH 2018
Table 40 : U.S. FUEL CELL MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, THROUGH 2018
Table 41 : PROJECTED U.S. MARKET FOR GRID-CONNECTED MICROTURBINES, THROUGH 2018
Table 42 : PROVIDERS OF DISTRIBUTED STORAGE EQUIPMENT
Table 43 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 44 : U.S. MARKET FOR NAS AND OTHER SODIUM BATTERY POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 45 : U.S. MARKET FOR VANADIUM REDOX BATTERY DISTRIBUTED POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 46 : U.S. MARKET FOR SUPERCONDUCTING POWER STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 47 : U.S. MARKET FOR SUPERCAPACITOR STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 48 : U.S. MARKET FOR COMPRESSED AIR STORAGE SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 49 : U.S. MARKET FOR GRID-CONNECTED PHEVS, THROUGH 2018
Table 50 : U.S. MARKET FOR ADVANCED SMART GRID CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 51 : PROVIDERS OF DISTRIBUTED INTELLIGENT AGENTS
Table 52 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED INTELLIGENT AGENTS, THROUGH 2018
Table 53 : MARKET FOR DIGITAL PROTECTIVE RELAYS, THROUGH 2018
Table 54 : MARKET FOR INTELLIGENT TAP CHANGERS, THROUGH 2018
Table 55 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2018
Table 56 : MARKET FOR GRID-FRIENDLY APPLIANCE CONTROLLERS, THROUGH 2013
Table 57 : MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTED POWER-FLOW CONTROLLERS, THROUGH 2018
Table 58 : UTILITY MARKET DISTRIBUTED AND CLOUD COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES, THROUGH 2018
Table 59 : CENTRALIZED APPLICATIONS FOR THE SMART GRID
Table 60 : PROVIDERS OF CENTRALIZED SMART GRID CONTROL APPLICATIONS
Table 61 : MARKET FOR CENTRALIZED SMART GRID CONTROL APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018
Table 62 : INTERFACE AND DECISION-SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE SMART GRID
Table 63 : PROVIDERS OF INTERFACE AND DECISION-SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS
Table 64 : MARKET FOR INTERFACE AND DECISION-SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART GRID APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2018
Table 65 : NUMBER OF U.S. SMART GRID-RELATED PATENTS BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY
List of Figures
Summary Figure : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES, 2012-2018
Figure 1 : AVERAGE RETAIL PRICE OF ELECTRICITY, 2001-2011
Figure 2 : U.S. ELECTRICITY GENERATION BY FUEL TYPE, 2012
Figure 3 : U.S. FOSSIL FUEL IMPORTS, 2011
Figure 4 : NATIONAL ELECTRICITY DELIVERY TECHNOLOGIES OVERALL ROADMAP
Figure 5 : NATIONAL ELECTRICITY DELIVERY ROADMAP FOR DEVELOPING CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES
Figure 6 : U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES, 2012-2018
Figure 7 : U.S. SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES MARKET SHARES, 2012-2018
Figure 8 : TRENDS IN U.S. MARKET FOR INTEGRATED SMART GRID COMMUNICATIONS, 2012-2018
Figure 9 : TRENDS IN THE U.S. MARKET FOR SMART GRID SENSING AND MEASUREMENT, 2012-2018
Figure 10 : TRENDS IN U.S. MARKET FOR ADVANCED SMART GRID COMPONENTS, 2012-2018
Figure 11 : TRENDS IN THE U.S. MARKET FOR ADVANCED SMART GRID CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, 2012-2018
Figure 12 : U.S. SMART GRID-RELATED PATENTS BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY, AS OF JULY 25, 2013