Carbon quantum dots (CDs, CQDs or C-dots) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have recently emerged as a new class of QD materials. GQDs possess unique optical and electrical properties such as:
As a result they are being widely investigated for applications in optoelectronics, biomedicine and sensorsGQDs are composed of single or very few graphene lattices (<10) that have quantum confinement effect and edge effectsUnlike graphene sheets, they exhibit band gap that is responsible for their unique electrical and optoelectronic properties.
GQDs are promising materials as substitutes for Cd, Ir, Ga, S, Se and P quantum dots (QDs) and possess unique structural and photophysical propertiesCompared with Quantum Dots (QDs), GQDs are potentially superior due to their high photostability against photobleaching and blinking, biocompatibility, and low toxicity.
Report contents include:
1 Executive summary
1.1 Markets 6
2 Research methodology
3 The Global Market for Graphene Quantum Dots
3.1 Properties 10
3.2 Synthesis 12
3.3 Applications 13
4 End user markets
4.1 Optoelectronics 16
4.2 Photodetectors 17
4.3 Sensors 17
4.4 Quantum computing 18
4.5 Batteries and supercapacitors18
4.6 Fuel cells19
4.7 Photovoltaics19
4.8 Lighting (OLED) 20
4.9 Biomedicine and life scienceas 20
4.10 Catalysis 21
4.11 Printing 22
4.12 Anti-counterfeiting 22
4.13 Detergents 23
5 Market and technology challenges
6 Roadmap
7 Production of graphene quantum dots
7.1 Current and projected volumes 27
7.2 Prices 28
8 Producer profiles
9 References
Tables
Table 1Market snapshot for Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs)6
Table 2Addressable markets and applications for Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs).7
Table 3Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs10
Table 4Synthesis routes for graphene quantum dots12
Table 5Markets and applications of Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) 14
Figures
Figure 1: Schematic of (a) CQDs and (c) GQDsHRTEM images of (b) C-dots and (d) GQDs showing combination of zigzag and armchair edges (positions marked as 1–4) 11
Figure 2: Graphene quantum dots 11
Figure 3: Green-fluorescing graphene quantum dots 16
Figure 4: Roadmap for graphene quantum dots25
Figure 5: Production of graphene quantum dots27